Andaman and Nicobar Islands: A Complete Guide to the Tropical Paradise

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal boast clear turquoise waters, lush rainforests, colorful coral reefs, and a rich history. Known as one of India's most pristine and scenic locations, these islands combine excellent natural beauty, adventurous activities, and historical significance. Here's a comprehensive guide on how to get there, its history, geography, and other interesting facts.

How to Reach Andaman and Nicobar Islands

By Air: The nearest way to the Andaman Islands is by air. Frequent flights from all major Indian cities, such as Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Chennai, to Veer Savarkar International Airport in Port Blair. The flight duration from Chennai or Kolkata is around 2-3 hours.

By Sea: For a more scenic journey, you can take a ship from Chennai, Kolkata, or Visakhapatnam. Depending on sea conditions, it takes approximately 50-60 hours. Passenger ships regularly operate, but the journeys may be long and cumbersome for those who are not used to traveling by sea.

Inter-Island Travel: The most common mode of travel between the islands when you are at Andaman would be through ferries and boats. Helicopter services do exist, but are quite limited and need to be booked well in advance.

History of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Andaman and Nicobar Islands have a very interestingly rich and complex history which includes elements of colonialism, rich indigenous culture, and strategic importance.

Early Inhabitants: The native tribes are Andamanese, Onges, Jarawas, and Sentinelese. These tribes inhabited the islands of Andaman for thousands of years. Each tribe has a different language, culture, and way of life.

Colonial Era: In 1789, the British East India Company established a penal colony on Chatham Island but later shifted to Ross Island, near Port Blair. It was during British rule that these islands became infamous as "Kalapani," the place of exile for Indian freedom fighters who were imprisoned in the notorious Cellular Jail, which stands as a historical monument today.

World War II: The islands were under Japanese occupation for a few years with the help of the Indian National Army of Subhas Chandra Bose. After the war, British rule resumed the islands and later became constituent parts of independent India in 1947.

Post-Independence: The islands were declared a Union Territory of India in 1956. Although most parts are open to visitors, a few islands are restricted to save the lives of the aboriginal tribals.

Geography of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

There are approximately 572 islands, islets, and rocks that form the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Only 38 of them are inhabited.

The northern group, the Andaman Islands, is more developed and more accessible to tourism. Port Blair is located here as it's the capital city, along with popular spots like Havelock Island, Neil Island, and Ross Island.

Nicobar Islands: The Nicobar Islands are even more southern and so even more isolated and preserved due to the fragile ecosystem along with some indigenous communities. Tourism is banned here in order to preserve the beauty and cultural purity of these islands.

Climate: The islands have a tropical climate with heavy monsoons. October to May is the best time to visit, as the weather is relatively pleasant and perfect for water sports and beach activities.

Andaman and Nicobar are famous for rich biodiversity, dense tropical forests, coral reefs, and scarce wildlife like an Andaman wild pig and Nicobar pigeon.

Interesting Facts about Andaman and Nicobar Islands

It is Home for Native Tribes: It has been known that among the remaining isolated tribes of the world, some of them live on these islands. An example of such an isolated tribe is that of Sentinelese, who live on North Sentinel Island and have minimal relations with the outside world.

Cellular Jail: The Cellular Jail in Port Blair is popularly known as Kalapani. This is an old landmark and still reminds the people of their country's freedom struggle. It has a sound-and-light show about its history.

Unique Marine Life: Due to the existence of coral reefs in islands, there is extraordinary marine life with floating fish, coral species, and even sea turtles. Scuba diving and snorkeling here have become very popular.

Volcanic Origin: Barren Island, at a distance of 135 kilometers from Port Blair, is the only active volcano in India. It is a rare volcanic gift. It has been found quite fascinating for the enthusiasts of adventure and scientists.

Ecological Paradise: More than 86 percent of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are under forest cover and, in fact, much of it has been declared a sanctuary to preserve unique flora and fauna here.

FAQs about Andaman and Nicobar Islands

1. When should you visit Andaman and Nicobar Islands?

It is during the time between October to May when the weather is dry and amiable for water sports and sightseeing activities.

2. Is there any restriction on visiting the islands in the group of Nicobar?

Yes, special permission is required to visit some of the islands in Nicobar since there exist some indigenous people and biodiversity preserved there.

3. Is it safe to visit the Andaman Island?

The Andaman Islands are actually pretty safe for tourists, with good tourism infrastructure. However, tourist travel to some islands like the North Sentinel is strictly prohibited mainly due to security concerns.

4. Can foreign tourists visit the Andaman and Nicobar Islands?

Yes, foreign tourists can visit the Andaman Islands, though they require a special Restricted Area Permit, which can be easily obtained upon arrival.

5. What are some of the most common activities of the Andaman Islands?

Scuba diving, snorkeling, a visit to Cellular Jail, a tour of Havelock Island, and the natural beauty of Radhanagar Beach are some of the activities in demand.

6. Which is the commonly spoken language of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands?

Hindi, Bengali, Tamil, Telugu, as well as English, though in tourist places, the option is normally English.

Indeed, truly a paradise for travelers to understand calm, and beauty, and a glimpse of India's rich history and culture in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Unique marine life, untouched beaches, historical landmarks, and an archipelago that offers an unforgettable experience for adventure seekers, history enthusiasts, and nature lovers. Be it an amusement seeker who wishes to plunge into the sparkling waters or a historian looking to go through India's freedom fighters in Cellular Jail, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands cater for a breathtaking getaway into nature and history.